Understanding Fractions
Learning what a fraction represents and its parts.
Core concept
Fractions can be classified as proper fractions (numerator smaller than denominator, like 3/4, representing less than a whole), improper fractions (numerator equal to or larger than denominator, like 5/4, representing one whole or more), and mixed numbers (a whole number combined with a proper fraction, like 1¼, an alternative way to express an improper fraction). Understanding these classifications helps in performing operations and converting between different fraction forms as needed.
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Key diagram

- Show a circle divided into equal parts with some shaded to represent a fraction.
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Quick notes
• A fraction has a numerator (parts taken) and denominator (total equal parts).
• Proper fraction: numerator < denominator (less than a whole).
• Improper fraction: numerator ≥ denominator (a whole or more).
• A mixed number combines a whole number and a proper fraction (an alternative form of an improper fraction).