Deficiency Diseases

Core concept

Iron deficiency leads to anaemia, causing tiredness and weakness because the blood cannot carry enough oxygen; this is treated by eating iron-rich foods like spinach and jaggery, or through iron supplements. Iodine deficiency can cause goitre, a swelling in the neck, which is why iodised salt is now commonly used to prevent it. Public health programs often focus on preventing deficiency diseases in children, since they can affect physical and mental growth if not treated early.