Q1
What is catenation?
ACarbon's ability to chain with itself
BCarbon's inability to bond
CA type of acid reaction
DA type of metal property
ICSEClass 10 (ICSE)ChemistryCh 12 · Topic 1
Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry studies carbon compounds, including hydrocarbons like alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes, and their naming and properties.
Core concept
Carbon's unique ability to form four bonds and chain with itself (catenation) allows for the vast diversity of organic compounds.
How it works
Alkanes (CnH2n+2) are saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds only, alkenes (CnH2n) have at least one double bond, and alkynes (CnH2n-2) have at least one triple bond.
Why it matters
IUPAC nomenclature provides systematic names for organic compounds based on the longest carbon chain and functional groups present.
Key detail
Homologous series are groups of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties, differing by a CH2 unit between consecutive members.
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Quick notes
• Carbon forms four bonds; catenation with itself.
• Alkanes (CnH2n+2): saturated, single bonds only.
• Alkenes (CnH2n): at least one double bond.
• Alkynes (CnH2n-2): at least one triple bond.
• IUPAC nomenclature gives systematic names.
• Based on longest chain and functional groups.
• Homologous series: same general formula.
• Members differ by a CH2 unit.