Q1
What increases surface area for root absorption?
ARoot hairs
BLeaves
CFlowers
DStems
ICSEClass 10 (ICSE)BiologyCh 4 · Topic 1
Absorption by Roots - Mechanism
Plant roots absorb water and minerals from soil through specific mechanisms like osmosis and active transport, essential for plant survival.
Core concept
Root hairs increase the surface area for absorption, allowing water to enter root cells by osmosis due to a concentration gradient.
How it works
Water and dissolved minerals move from the soil into root hair cells, then across the cortex to reach the xylem for transport upward.
Why it matters
Active transport is used to absorb certain minerals against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP) from the root cells.
Key detail
Understanding root absorption mechanisms helps explain how plants obtain nutrients and water necessary for photosynthesis and growth.
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Quick notes
• Root hairs increase surface area for absorption.
• Water enters by osmosis (concentration gradient).
• Water/minerals move: root hair → cortex → xylem.
• Xylem transports water upward.
• Active transport absorbs minerals against gradient.
• This requires energy (ATP).
• This mechanism supplies nutrients for growth.
• It's essential for photosynthesis and survival.