Q1
What is 3⁴?
A81
B12
C34
D7
ICSEClass 8 (ICSE)MathematicsCh 2 · Topic 1
Exponents (Powers)
Exponents (powers) represent repeated multiplication, and understanding laws of exponents helps simplify expressions involving powers effici
Core concept
An exponent shows how many times a base number is multiplied by itself, like 3⁴ meaning 3×3×3×3 = 81.
How it works
Laws of exponents include: a^m × a^n = a^(m+n), a^m ÷ a^n = a^(m-n), and (a^m)^n = a^(mn).
Why it matters
A negative exponent, like a^(-n), equals 1/a^n, representing a reciprocal, while a^0 always equals 1 (for any non-zero a).
Key detail
Mastering exponent laws simplifies complex calculations and is essential for algebra, scientific notation, and higher mathematics.
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• An exponent shows repeated multiplication.
• 3⁴ = 3×3×3×3 = 81.
• Multiplication law: a^m × a^n = a^(m+n).
• Division law: a^m ÷ a^n = a^(m-n).
• Power law: (a^m)^n = a^(mn).
• Negative exponent: a^(-n) = 1/a^n.
• Any number to power 0 equals 1.
• Exponent laws simplify complex calculations.