Q1
When did the Harappan Civilisation flourish?
AAround 2500 BCE
BAround 2500 CE
CAround 500 CE
DAround 100 BCE
ICSEClass 9 (ICSE)History and CivicsCh 1 · Topic 1
The Harappan Civilisation
The Harappan Civilisation, one of the world's oldest urban civilisations, flourished around 2500 BCE with advanced city planning and trade n
Core concept
Major Harappan cities like Mohenjo-daro and Harappa had well-planned streets, sophisticated drainage systems, and standardised brick sizes.
How it works
The Harappans were skilled in agriculture, trade, and crafts, producing pottery, beads, and seals with unique, still-undeciphered symbols.
Why it matters
Harappan trade networks extended to Mesopotamia, evidenced by Harappan seals found in distant archaeological sites.
Key detail
The civilisation eventually declined around 1900 BCE, possibly due to climate change, river shifts, or other factors still debated by historians.
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Quick notes
• The Harappan Civilisation flourished around 2500 BCE.
• Major cities: Mohenjo-daro, Harappa.
• Cities had planned streets and drainage systems.
• Bricks were standardised in size.
• Harappans were skilled in trade and crafts.
• They produced pottery, beads and undeciphered seals.
• Trade extended to Mesopotamia.
• The civilisation declined around 1900 BCE.