Q1
Who founded Jainism?
AMahavira
BBuddha
CAshoka
DChanakya
ICSEClass 9 (ICSE)History and CivicsCh 3 · Topic 1
Jainism and Buddhism
Jainism and Buddhism emerged in ancient India as reform movements, founded by Mahavira and Buddha, offering alternative spiritual paths.
Core concept
Mahavira, the founder of Jainism, emphasised non-violence (ahimsa), truth, and asceticism as paths to spiritual liberation (moksha).
How it works
Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) founded Buddhism, teaching the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path as ways to overcome suffering and achieve enlightenment.
Why it matters
Both religions rejected the rigid caste system and complex rituals of Vedic Hinduism, appealing to many who sought simpler spiritual paths.
Key detail
Jainism and Buddhism significantly influenced Indian philosophy, art, and culture, and Buddhism spread widely across Asia.
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• Mahavira founded Jainism.
• He emphasised non-violence, truth, asceticism.
• This leads to moksha (liberation).
• Buddha founded Buddhism.
• He taught the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path.
• These help overcome suffering.
• Both rejected the rigid caste system.
• Buddhism spread widely across Asia.