Q1
What taste do acids have?
ASour
BBitter
CSweet
DSalty
SSCClass 8 (SSC)Science (सामान्य विज्ञान)Ch 12 · Topic 1
Introduction to Acid and Base
Acids and bases are two important categories of substances with distinct properties, and understanding them is fundamental in chemistry.
Core concept
Acids taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, like lemon juice or vinegar.
How it works
Bases taste bitter, feel soapy, turn red litmus paper blue, and release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water, like soap or baking soda.
Why it matters
The pH scale, ranging from 0 to 14, measures acidity or basicity, with 7 being neutral, below 7 acidic, and above 7 basic.
Key detail
Neutralisation occurs when an acid and base react together, forming salt and water, balancing their opposing properties.
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Quick notes
• Acids: sour taste, turn blue litmus red.
• Release H+ ions in water.
• Examples: lemon juice, vinegar.
• Bases: bitter taste, soapy feel.
• Turn red litmus blue, release OH- ions.
• Examples: soap, baking soda.
• pH scale: 0-14, 7 is neutral.
• Neutralisation: acid + base → salt + water.